Archive for July 3rd, 2006
The Bali Arts Festival is currently underway in Denpasar and attracting visitors and participating foreign dancers alike. One of the dances showcased is that of the Ramayana as part of International Ramayana Festival, a cultural gathering held in conjunction with the 28th Bali Arts Festival.
In Yogyakarta in Central Java this dance is a mammoth spectacular set against the backdrop of the Prambanan Hindu Complex and held every October. However, the Ramayana performances at the Bali Arts Festival involved Ramayana troupes from Thailand, Cambodia, India, Singapore and the United States.
Rama is considered to be the seventh incarnation of the god Vishnu. The main scriptures are the four Vedas and the Mahabharata. The Ramayana is important and widely revered as a scripture by a wide proportion of the Hindu community. The original poem was in fact the final version of a story that had been around for several hundred years and added to by many poets. It reached the length of 24,000 Sanskrit couplets organised into seven books in its final form. In the ninth and tenth centuries when the modern languages of India were first formed it had a great influence in inspiring the modern Indian tongues. Rama went on to become a God, accepted as an incarnation of Vishnu, and worshipped monotheistically by some sects.
At the Bali Arts Festival I Wayan Juniartha of the Jakarta Post experienced a performance:
Festival showcases Ramayana’s rich tradition
I Wayan Juniartha, Denpasar
It was a breathtaking battle scene. A majestic Rama climbed onto the shoulder of his archenemy, Rahwana, and for several minutes their bodies were locked in mortal battle.
Their beautifully carved staffs clashed with each other as Rama and Rahwana fought for a definitive end to the prolonged epic of human tragedy and divine victory.
“It’s an amazing performance. The way the dancers used acrobatic manoeuvres truly gave the scene a dramatic edge” said rector of the Indonesia Arts Institute in Denpasar, Wayan Rai S.
“The acrobatic manoeuvres are unlike anything we have ever seen here in Balinese traditional dance dramas on a similar theme” he added.
Titled Thai Khon Ramakien, the Thai version of the great Hindu Ramayana epic was presented by seasoned dancers from the predominantly Buddhist kingdom.
Dressed in glittering costumes around 21 dancers narrated the journey of Phra Ram &$40;Rama), his beautiful wife Nang Sida (Sita) and his trusted younger brother Phra Lak &$40;Laksmana) through a dense forest during which Sita was abducted by Rahwana, the demonic King of Lengka.
The story ended with the ultimate duel between Rama and Rahwana. Mighty as he was Rahwana was no match for Rama who according to Balinese Hindus was the incarnation of Lord Wisnu and for Thai Buddhists, the personification of Lord Buddha.
The refined and elegant movement of the dancers, the intricate costumes and the eerily beautiful musical scores worked in unison to cast a dramatic spell over hundreds of spectators who flocked to the Ksirarnawa indoor theater Monday night.
Naturally, the spectators gave thunderous applause at the end of the performance.
Thai Khon Ramakien was the opening show of the International Ramayana Festival, a cultural gathering held in conjunction with the 28th Bali Arts Festival. Held from June 26 through July 15 the festival involves Ramayana troupes from Thailand, Cambodia, India, Singapore and the United States.
Indonesia is presenting two troupes in the festival, one from Bali, the other East Java.
Ramayana is arguably the second most popular item of literary heritage in Bali. The epic exists in a variety of performing art forms: from the ancient refined poems of Kakawin to the energetic masked dance drama of wayang wong.
The Ramayana is also a favourite recurring theme in the island’s well-known fine arts in paintings, sculptures, reliefs and glass panels.
“That is probably the reason why despite the language barrier the audience had no difficulty in following the performance” arts scholar Kadek Suartaya pointed out.
“It is an important eye-opening gathering which introduces and familiarizes the Balinese with the rich traditions of Ramayana from various countries in the world” Rai stressed.
Bali’s Werddhi Budaya Art Center head Dewa Putu Beratha nodded in agreement.
“For example the East Java troupe provided us with a working-class version of the epic” he said.
By incorporating various movements from popular folk dances, unadorned costumes and attractive elements from contemporary dances, the troupe succeeded in painting a fresh picture of the ancient story he said.
“Somehow, the conflict among princes and kings was transformed into a battle between masses” he added.
Colourful local interpretation and adaptation have been a primary characteristic of the Ramayana for hundreds of years. The epic which consists of over 24,000 verses compiled into 700 chapters is believed to have been composed by Indian poet Valmiki somewhere between 400 BC to 200 BC.
In his fascinating book Ramayana in Southeast Asia prolific cultural researcher Garret Kam details the vast distribution of the epic. The story can be found in dozens of countries including Iran, Japan, Mongolia and Korea and even in the predominantly Muslim part of the Philippines.
In each country the epic has been modified and adapted to local cultural and religious contexts. Rama, the Hindu hero of India, has been transformed into a Buddhist icon in Cambodia and Thailand but into a secular personage in Malaysia.
In India, Rama is the ultimate hero while in Sri Lanka the ogres are portrayed in a more sympathetic manner; in the ninth-century Khmer Reamker, Rama is an irresponsible father who engaged her sons in a futile civil war.
Similar adaptation is also present in the Indonesian version of the Ramayana. Literary scholar IBG Agastya stated that the first version which was written in the 10th century, and the second, Yogiswara’s Kekawin Ramayana of 2,778 verses from the 12th century were specifically adapted to ancient Javanese language as well as to the local cultural environment.
The author even incorporated a detailed description of a local Siwaistic temple believed to be Prambanan into the text as one of the place visited by Rama. It was truly an interesting verse portraying the incarnation of Wisnu kneeling and paying homage to Siwa.
“From an academic point of view the festival provides us with a rare opportunity to conduct a comparative study on the Ramayana. That’s why I’m urging my students to attend the festival” Rai said.
sources : www.baliblog.com
July 3rd, 2006
Go into any restaurant or warung in Indonesia, pick up the menu and you are guaranteed to see Bubur on the list. I love Bubur Ayam or chicken porridge.
When I was first started going out with Candika I was introduced to this delightful dish at a roadside stall in Yogyakarta. Being rather partial to Bacon & Eggs followed by fruit and a nice cup of black tea for brekkie, the mere though of porridge for breakfast and especially with chicken, repulsed me. But, being adventurous as I am, I tried it and have been eating it ever since.
Bubur is cooked in many ways across the archipelago with varying tastes and although I have yet to try all of them, I have something to look forward to as epicurean Suryatini N. Ganie explains:
Soft and flavorful porridge
Some people say it’s baby food and others comment “What to do, nasi sudah menjadi bubur” (the rice has already become porridge) - meaning it is hopeless because something has been done entirely wrong with disastrous results. In other words because of too much water steamed rice has turned into porridge and is thus no longer fit to serve with side dishes.
Still others are crazy about it. What is it? I am speaking about rice porridge or bubur in Bahasa Indonesia.
I like bubur which is one of the most popular ways to prepare our main staple, rice, and the dish has many variations to offer.
Bubur can be made very nutritious and many people eat it at breakfast cooked in chicken broth and served with condiments like shredded chicken, chopped celery and crispy fried shallot slices.
Many are of the opinion that this bubur ayam (chicken porridge) has a strong Chinese culinary overtone. It may be so but I think rice porridge is made wherever rice is a staple. It is the cooking technique that makes one porridge different from another.
Bubur made the Chinese way has the consistency of a thick broth because the rice is nearly mashed whereas Indonesians use to make the bubur thick with a minimum of liquid left. In many regions such thick rice porridge is served for the breaking of the fast during the holy month of Ramadhan with specific side dishes. Take the bubur called kanji rumbi from Aceh, a porridge cooked in a broth of chicken and shrimp and several spices. The bubur is meant to restore one’s energy after a day of fasting.
A traditional bubur is made on the 10th day of the month of Muharam or Suro according to Javanese Islam. It is called bubur Suro and is a rather thick porridge served with chicken curry sauce called opor ayam and a handful of delima, or pomegranates. While in Sukabumi, a verdant town in West Java, bubur ayam is served in the early evening after a hard day’s work, with curry sauce and a topping of red crispy, crushed crackers.
In the melting pot of Jakarta, fish porridge is served in Glodok, the famed old town where delicious food with Chinese influences can be tasted. Making fish porridge or bubur ikan, requires some cooking knowledge though because the fish meat should be tender but not overcooked.
For people who prefer it sweet there are many bubur varieties aside from those made from rice. In Central Maluku they make a sweet porridge from sago while East Java has bubur made from sweet potatoes and Jakarta has bubur ketan hitam, porridge made from black glutinous rice. And Madura, a small island off Java, has bubur kacang hijau, porridge made from mung beans, while bubur sumsum hunkue, a porridge made from mung bean flour, hails from South Sumatra.
A sweet bubur that restores energy is bubur sumsum from Central Java, made from rice flour and served with a sauce of thick melted brown sugar from the round aren palm variety and screwpine leaves. Bubur sumsum is presented after a wedding feast to which all members of an extended family gave a helping hand.
Nowadays bubur sumsum is the basic for many culinary creations like the one with scraped young coconut.
White glutinous rice flour is also made into bubur, but in this case the flour is shaped into marble-sized balls then boiled. The same procedure of mashing and forming into balls is made too from steamed red sweet potatoes or ubi merah. It is mashed while hot and tapioca or corn flour measuring two-thirds the weight of the mashed sweet potato is added to give the balls a chewy texture.
How to make the balls? Just take a small teaspoonful of the dough and form a ball with your hands. Drop into boiling water and when it floats the balls are tender and done. Strain and put in cold water to prevent sticking. To serve, put some balls into a glass or bowl and pour cold sweet coconut sauce over it.
sources : www.baliblog.com
July 3rd, 2006
In a world where drugs are commonplace in society, it is no wonder that the youth of today are struggling with the pressures of everyday living. The temptation to use drugs is virtually in their faces.
But in Bali there are groups to help the youths with the problems of drugs in their society and one such group is KISARA (Kita Sayang Remaja), a non-profit group established to help Balinese youth. KISARA helps not only with the problem of drugs but also arms young people with knowledge on reproductive health, HIV/AIDS, drug problems and other teen-related issues.
Komang Erviani wrote an excellent article in the Jakarta Post regarding KISARA and the problems faced by the youth of Bali in today’s society:
Kisara keeps youth away from drugs and teen sex
Komang Erviani, Denpasar
It was love at first sight for Nadia and Armand, not their real names, when they met at a high school student camp program three months ago. One day Armand took the girl on a special date to his parent’s villa at a resort area in Bali.
It was a full-moon weekend creating a romantic atmosphere in the villa. Unable to suppress his sexual desire Armand pushed Nadia to the bed and began to kiss her on her lips while his hands roamed all over Nadia’s smooth skin.
Sixteen year old Nadia was really frightened and tried to get out of the villa. She shouted and screamed loudly. “It was a nightmarish experience and I was so afraid that I might get pregnant” Nadia told an advisor at KISARA (Kita
Sayang Remaja) a non-profit group established to help Balinese youth.
Another teenager told the advisor that her boyfriend often pressed his genitals against hers. “We did it frequently every Saturday night, sometimes in our bedrooms when our parents went out” she said. “Should I get a pregnancy test?”
Widely exposed to an influx of materials on sexuality, racy VCDs and DVDs and porn movies that can easily be downloaded from the Internet, teenagers in Bali are a soft target commented Dr. Oka Negara. “We can no longer close our eyes to this reality and have to arm ourselves with knowledge and compassion to accompany our children through this difficult period” he said. The questions above are only a few general examples. “There are many more problems faced by these teenagers including teenage pregnancies, abortion, drug abuse, etc.” he said adding that the fact that Bali was one of world’s most popular tourist destinations might have an impact on the lifestyle of the island’s teens.
According to a survey conducted by KISARA between 2002 and 2005, two out of 10 teenagers from the 3,549 surveyed in Denpasar, Badung, Tabanan and Singaraja were already sexually active.
“Many of them did not have any idea of what HIV/AIDS and other Sexually Transmitted Diseases are” the doctor said on the sidelines of a youth camp at Dreamland Beach, Jimbaran.
Based on recent data from Bali’s AIDS Prevention Commission it was estimated that 2,500 youngsters are active drug users and around 1,100 already have HIV.
Established on May 14 l994, KISARA was aimed at setting up a special forum where young people could share their experiences and help their friends when necessary. The program is intended to arm young people with knowledge on reproductive health, HIV/AIDS, drug problems and other teen-related issues.
KISARA invited young people to become “volunteers and peer-counsellors.” “Young people usually feel more at ease when they talk to their peers rather than older people” added Dr. Oka.
Currently around 30 volunteers are working as teenage counsellors. Pramesemara, 21, a medical student at Udayana University has become KISARA’s voice on the university’s radio talk show program broadcast every Wednesday night.
Listeners include students, lecturers and parents. Together with three other staff Pram discusses issues pertinent to the teen world. “Sex is still a hot topic among listeners” Pram said.
Other topics cover the parent-child relationship. “One day I was so anxious. A teenage listener called us saying she felt hopeless and intended to commit suicide that night” Pram said. The girl lived with her father and a stepmother. “It was three years ago and my very first time on air. We tried very hard to advise her and to give motivation. But I really did not know what to do” recalled Pram.
Luh Sumiari, another volunteer has her own unique experiences as a teen counsellor. She works at KISARA office on Jl. Gatot Subroto, Denpasar, after her classes at medical school.
“I was quite shocked to learn that so many junior high school students have already had sex at the age of 13 to 15″ said Sumiari.
Many teenagers call her by phone seeking advice while others come to the office. “I do appreciate it when they come here for counselling” Sumiari said.
KISARA has trained more than 500 teenagers as peer-counsellors and expects to recruit more. Its programs range from radio talk shows to seminars and youth camps.
Visiting village youth organizations known as Seka Teruna across Bali is important to share with all members of the Banjar (traditional Balinese village organization).
It is no secret that porn movies and alcoholic drinks are easily available in many remote villages in Bali. Drug abuse is common in these rural areas.
“We also target parents, teachers, religious leaders as well as office employees” Dr. Oka explained.
Teen problems are not as simple as people think. “It is like a spider web. Times have changed. The rapid growth of technology has enabled teenagers living in both urban and rural areas to gain access to similar information” he said.
He urged parents and teachers to be more open-minded when dealing with young people. “The old conservative approach to child rearing no longer works well when dealing with youth” he said.
Sources : www.baliblog.com
July 3rd, 2006
When it comes to Balinese art and fine art at that, then Walter Spies ranks high up on the list. He undoubtedly had an influential affect on Balinese artists.
He arrived in Bali in 1924 and struck up a rapport with Tjokorda Agung Sukawati and together they eventually
founded the Pita Maha Arts Society. But Spies is not only famous for his beautiful art works. He was and accomplished photographer and movie-maker as well as a musician.
Last week I wrote about an exhibition titles Walter Spies 111 years at ARMA, Agung Rau Museum of Art in Ubud. Kadek Krishna Adidharma wrote an excellent article on Spies and his life, his influence upon the Balinese and his works.
Walter Spies: The legacy of a banished demon
Kadek Krishna Adidharma, Ubud
In creating the image of Balinese idyll, the influence of German painter, photographer and musician Walter Spies (1895-1942) who was banished by the Dutch from his adopted home, is still visible and tangible today.
June 9 saw the Agung Rai Museum of Art in Ubud celebrate its 10th anniversary with a gala celebration that included the opening of Walter Spies 111, a two month long exhibition of photos from the private collection of the Spies family celebrating what would have been his 111th birthday.
As a young man Walter Spies moved in high society; the avant garde culture of pre-war Moscow, then in Berlin and Dresden, Germany, to where he moved in 1918.
However by 1923 he no longer felt at home with all the decadence of Europe. In his journal he wrote: “I then decided to just go somewhere, anywhere, to a faraway land. And after going on a challenging and formidable journey as a sailor in a cargo vessel I arrived in Java where I decided to jump ship!”
Arriving in Bali to live permanently in 1927 after a stint as court conductor for the Sultan of Yogyakarta’s European orchestra, this Russian born son of a German businessman-diplomat settled in Ubud as a painter where with Tjokorda Agung Sukawati he eventually founded the Pita Maha Arts Society, the catalyst of modern art in Bali.
A pavilion of his home is preserved as part of Hotel Campuhan, and at the ARMA, you will find two large buildings - named “Walter Spies” and “Pita Maha” - housing an impressive collection of original works of art, reproductions of important work from private collections as well as a reproduction of a priceless Spies paintings that has been “missing” since 1942.
The gala anniversary event also featured the screening of Baron von Plessen’s thriller Island of Demons. Saluted as an exceptional film event of 1932 Germany Island of Demons is perhaps the only feature film of the 20th century to really showcase the details of daily Balinese life hence providing the West with a glimpse of Bali packaged as a dramatic thriller. Filmmakers Baron von Plessen and Friedrich Dahlseim came to the island with no script, only a brief list of what to feature: agriculture, harvest, religion, cockfighting, the Rangda and Barong.
Balinese amateur actors were chosen from the village of Bedaulu and the script developed in-situ. As art director of the film Spies explored the darker side of Bali through a reinterpretation of Calon Arang, the widow-witch and her beautiful daughter.
Some scholars blame Spies for the simplification of the Rangda as Calon Arang. Of over 30 versions of her story many of which were lessons of dharma, or of charity and redemption, he elected one that denied her humanity. For the European audience perhaps, the witch had to become an embodiment of evil that must be defeated.
For Island of Demons Spies also supervised the choreography of what would become the modern ketjak dance popular to tourists with its now familiar syncopated chanting.
Though he credits this combination of classic dance forms to a local dancer it was Spies who made the form famous by requesting the performance of the dance for the likes of comedian Charlie Chaplin, Woolworth heiress Barbara Hutton as well as anthropologists and writers such as Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson and Vicki Baum. Variations of the dance are still performed for tourists today.
It was around this man that the image of Bali became crystallized during the golden age of Bali tourism, the late 1920s to 1930s. Hosting the European and American glitterati, scholars and even Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore at his Campuhan home, Spies presented his version of “real Bali” as a rich culture based on an authentic folk tradition.
In terms of the world’s perception of Bali, Spies’ greatest influence can be seen through his Mexican visitor, writer and painter Miguel Covarrubias, whose book Island of Bali has outlasted all other travel books to become the key descriptive work on Bali.
Spies also researched the arts in great depth. With Beryl de Zoete of Britain he co-authored Dance and Drama in Bali while he shared his musical interests with Canadian musician and composer Colin McPhee, author of Music in Bali.
Spies’s stay in Bali ended in 1939 when he was taken to court and jailed for homosexuality during a morality-driven witch hunt by the Dutch government. While imprisoned in Surabaya he painted his best work hailed as magical realism depicting changes in feelings and subconscious attitudes: The Landscape and its Children.
The work shows the painter’s longing for Bali and the tricks the mind plays as a place once called home fades into distant memory. In 2002 this painting sold for over US$1 million through Christie’s Singapore.
His Scherzo for Brass Instruments, reputedly painted in a half-trance state contains many incarnations of the artist as he explores an inner landscape from various points of view. In a letter to Carl Gotsch, Spies describes the process of painting Scherzo as a spiritual and sacred purification of the soul akin to rebirth: “The funny thing is I really feel as if this is my very first painting. I really feel as if I am beginning a new life.”
Dedicated to Leopold Stokowski, then the conductor of Chicago’s Philharmonic Orchestra, Scherzo was shipped from Surabaya to America but never reached its destination. Today’s reproductions are from photographs taken by Spies in prison.
In his fatherland this German artist is probably better known as the art advisor to several movies such as Friedrich Murnau’s version of the Dracula story, Nosferatu. Yet despite living only a fraction of his life in Germany Spies’ citizenship twice caused him to be interned during war.
Born in Moscow and raised mostly in Russia he was interned in the Ural Mountains during the first World War. He was also interned by the Dutch in Ngawi, East Java and Kotatjane, Sumatra during the second World War.
Along with other prisoners of war Spies drowned in 1942 when the ship Van Imhof was bombed en route to Sri Lanka by the Japanese and was sunk close to the coast of Nias, off West Sumatra.
While his body has gone to a watery grave, Spies’ legacy lives on: His paintings, photographs and writing continue to be published, the ketjak has evolved into many incarnations and modern art is flourishing in Bali fast attaining international acclaim.
His life and times in Bali continue to be celebrated at the ARMA and at the Rautenstrauch-Joest Museum in Cologne, home to the Spies Archive of the Walter Spies Society Germany.
Walter Spies 111 runs until Aug. 8 at the Agung Rai Museum of Art (ARMA), Jl. Bima, Pengosekan, Ubud, Bali 80571. Tel: 975742, 976659; Fax: 975332. www.armamuseum.com
July 3rd, 2006
My late father gave me a penknife which his father gave to him and so it is a fairly valuable piece. I carry it everywhere with me. It sits in a special pocket in my backpack.
I never gave it much thought when I passed through Immigration checks at the airports. In fact I have to my knowledge been on 12 flights since the WTC disaster in New York. Of course after that cowardly desecration of human life and dignity airports around the world tightened up their security. But as I said I have been through countless Immigration checks since then and not one of them picked up this penknife that sits so happily in my backpack.
Airlines began using plastic cutlery much to the disgust of passengers. However I did notice on my last International Garuda flight there was the plastic fantastic missing and instead cold steel. I was delighted to read in yesterday’s Jakarta Post an hilarious article by Duncan Graham of Indonesia Now fame about just this matter.
Is Garuda at the cutting edge of security sanity?
Here’s a slice of good news to dunk in your breakfast coffee this Sunday morn: Common sense may be returning in matters of public security.
Passengers on Garuda’s international flights are now trusted to eat their baked omelettes using steel knives.
A real 17-centimeter long knife with an unbendable (I tried) serrated blade. The sort which vanished from the plastic trays of plastic food after terrorists armed with box cutters hijacked four airliners in the United States almost five years ago.
Following the 2001 outrage any potentially offensive weapon was banned from the cabin. Passengers’ bags were X-rayed and every sharp confiscated. Women’s nails are now rotten and ragged because thousands of files, clippers and other lethal aids to beauty have been filched from their owners’ purses.
The security industry exploded (sorry, expanded exponentially). Everyone wanted their own metal detector.
A five-star hotel manager in Surabaya told me he found his shiny new walk-through machine an embarrassment. It was working too efficiently and revealing the concealed handguns worn by many top business gents.
The manager sought help from the police. His employees were loath to try to seize the weapons as a man will not willingly divorce his pistol. Even if they were successful, how could untrained staff handle and store guns?
The police’s advice? Ignore the weapons, as most would be licensed. That made everyone feel much safer.
Meanwhile more civilized guests with solid wristwatches, heavy leather belts and a pocket full of loose change were being frisked.
Dangerous guys indeed: unable to open fire they could throw coins in your face, whip off their belts, thrash you with buckle or karate chop you with a watch wristband. Be ever alert.
Security advisors ransacked their brains to out-think the terrorists and close off the opportunities.
National security senior fellow Dr Stephen Flynn put the following scenario to a US Senate subcommittee earlier this year:
The low-paid driver of a container truck in Surabaya is persuaded to back his vehicle into a warehouse while on his way to Tanjung Perak, East Java’s major shipping port.
The container has been loaded with shoes destined for the U.S. The manufacturer has been certified safe and the cargo carefully sealed by authorized inspectors.
But the door hinges are prized off by the smart terrorists who slip a dirty radioactive bomb amongst the footwear. The bomb is inside a lead-lined box so escapes detection by the container terminal’s X-ray machine.
The container goes from Surabaya to Jakarta and Hong Kong - and eventually to Chicago. The doors are opened and….
The hyper-imaginative Dr Flynn testified this was “the terrorist scenario that most keeps me awake at night.”
What keeps me awake is that these over-paid experts think Surabaya a good spot for bomb transfers. Don’t they know the locals are so nosy such an operation could never go unnoticed? They’d all want a pair of sneakers and the container would be gutted in a trice.
The difficulty of making the world absolutely safe from the crazed and devious was well illustrated by Australian Immigration Minister Amanda Vanstone.
She told a Rotary meeting in Australia that she’d cynically asked Prime Minister John Howard if pencils should be banned from aircraft because their sharpened points could be used to stab crew in the eyes.
In a rare moment of candor (she didn’t know there was a journalist in the audience) Vanstone also admitted that many government decisions were designed to make the public think something effective was being done about security when total safeguards were impossible.
It’s clear we’re all starting to relax - and let’s hope that is OK. Guards at police HQ in Surabaya are no longer interested in pushing mirrors under cars’ skirts, while shopping center security men would rather chat than wand bags.
So congratulations to Garuda for letting us use real cutlery. Now the airline needs to do something about another potential weapon.
The stale bun I was served last week was a cricket ball in disguise - so hard I could have lobbed it down the aisle and knocked out the purser. This should be drawn to Dr Flynn’s attention and raised at the next U.S. Senate sub-committee. Along with Minister Vanstone’s pencil plot.
July 3rd, 2006